History’s Intellectual Fallacies

Therefore, a perfect system can never be realized in this world. But all philosophers in history were unaware of this reality. Because of this, they kept dreaming of an ideal system in line with the model they nurtured in their minds. However, according to the laws of nature, this dream can never be realized. Here are some examples explaining this. The Foundation of the Argument In the 19th century, when the scientific method of observation became widespread worldwide, a new idea emerged among philosophers: that reality is observable and verifiable according to scientific methods. Under this thinking, various schools of thought were established. For example, the ‘Positivism’ of the French philosopher Auguste Comte from the 19th century and the ‘Logical Positivism’ of the German philosopher Rudolf Carnap from the 20th century. For nearly a hundred years, these thinkers and philosophers tried to convince the minds of the world that what cannot be observed is not real. According to these theories, belief in God and religion was proven to be baseless scientifically. This philosophy is referred to as ‘scientific atheism.’ While ‘scientific atheism’ was being discussed in scientific circles, science itself proved this theory to be baseless. This change in science occurred when scientists discovered a truth known as quantum mechanics. One consequence of quantum theory was that atomic particles began to be