4. LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY

NOTES ~ 175 ~ NOTES 1. Henri Pirenne, History of Western Europe. 2. Philip K. Hitti, History of the Arabs (London, 1989), p. 4. 3. Ibid., p. 307. 4. Henri Pirenne, History of Western Europe. 5. Encyclopaedia Britannica (1984), Vol. 4, p. 522. 6. Ibid., Vol. 16, p. 118. 7. J.M. Roberts, History of the World, p. 238. 8. Encyclopaedia Britannica (1984), Vol. 17, p. 899. 9. Sahih, Muslim, Vol. 4. 10. Moseoleban, The Arab Civilization. 11. Henri Pirenne, History of Western Europe, p. 46. 12. William E. Connolly; Political Theory and Modernity (London, 1988). 13. Encyclopaedia Britannica (1984), Vol. 4, p. 522. 14. Ibid, Vol. 1, p. 227. 15. Ibid, Vol. 1, p. 479.