The Call of the Quran

2. The Call to God and Unity ~ 48 ~ generated internal conflict, he unilaterally renounced his right to it to avoid exacerbating the differences existing among Muslims. The two warring factions of Muslims were led by Hadhrat Hasan and Hadhrat Mu’awiyah. Hadhrat Hasan’s withdrawal from the office of the caliphate had, in a way, sealed up all possible internal strife and redirected Muslims’ endeavours towards the spread of Islam. The caravan of Islam once again after a delay of ten years set out on the path of progress. The reign of Mu’awiyah ibn Abi Sufyan (40-60 A.H.) witnessed the spread of Islam to an extent unparalleled in the centuries-long history of the religion. It was during his time that Islam extended as far as Samarqand, Afghanistan, Tunis and Rhodes Island, enroute to the Bosphorus Strait, the last being the gateway for the Muslims’ entry into Constantinople. In short, Islam made all-round progress in this period of overseas expansion. A LESSON FROM HISTORY The caliphate of Mu’awiyah has been made the subject of severe criticism. Some say that Mu’awiyah was the first ruler to introduce kingship