Arguments from the Hadith

BASED ON AN ANALOGY involves responding to their words with more powerful words, as Hassan bin Thabit Ansari demonstrated. This example clarifies the distinction between an apostate and a ‘shatim.’ In addition to the mentioned inferences from the Hadith on apostasy, several other unfounded conclusions have been drawn. For instance, based on the Hadith mentioned above, it is understood that the issue of apostasy pertains to a believer, explicitly addressing the ruling for someone who initially embraced Islam and later renounced it. On the contrary, the matter of ‘shatm’ encompasses both believers and disbelievers. Generally, jurists assert that anyone who insults the Prophet Muhammad should be killed, regardless of whether they are believers or disbelievers. According to Ibn Taymiyyah, whoever insults God’s Messenger, whether they are Muslim or non-Muslim, is obligated to be killed. (p. 4) Ibn Taymiyyah applies the Hadith mentioned above to both believers and disbelievers equally. Now, a question arises: How can a Hadith that specifically addresses Muslims and mentions the issue of the claimant’s faith be used as the basis for a general ruling that encompasses both believers and disbelievers? Furthermore, there is no need to infer or deduce what actions should be taken in response to insults and mockery. The Quran and Sunnah provide clear and detailed guidance on this matter.