An Example of Noble Character

their capital. Thus, the long reign of the Persian monarchy came to an end. At least three aspects of the contemporary situation of Byzantium and Persia account for the phenomenal ease with which the Arabs overcame their enemies: first, both empires, exhausted by wars, had demobilized before 632; second, both had ceased to support those client states on the frontiers of the Arabian Peninsula that had restrained the Bedouin of the desert for a century past; third, and particularly in reference to Byzantium, religious controversy had weakened the loyalties that Syrians and Egyptians rendered to Constantinople.” (Encyclopedia Britannica, Vol. 3, p. 557) 5. The change of seasons is based on the Earth’s orbit around the sun, which forms the basis of the solar calendar. As a result, each season consistently occurs in the same months—for example, December always brings winter, and June always brings summer. However, the lunar calendar, which is eleven days shorter than the solar year, does not align with fixed seasons. This means that months like Ramadan can occur in winter or summer, depending on the year. When the Prophets Abraham and Ishmael built the Kaaba on God’s command and established the pilgrimage (Hajj) system, they based it on the lunar calendar, meaning the pilgrimage would take place in the month of Dhu al-