Changes in the Criterion of Power

with machine-based production. They replaced handwielded weapons with weapons that could fire from a distance. They made it possible for humans to travel by air, and not only, as before, by land or sea. They replaced animal-drawn modes of transport with engine-driven vehicles. Previously, the difference between contending powers was essentially quantitative. However, the West ushered in a new age, wherein the difference between the Western nations and others was a fundamentally qualitative one. This transformation gave the West a clear and decisive advantage over the rest of the world. These developments also brought about significant changes at the human level. The Westerners imbibed a new mentality resulting from discoveries, which set them apart from people in the East, whose thought processes continued to be shaped by traditional beliefs. The former attached great importance to change and creative thinking, while the latter clung to the blind imitation of past precedent. The former hailed the spirit of freedom of thought and criticism, while the latter fell prey to intellectual stagnation. The caravan of the West was like a rapidly flowing river, while the East turned into a stagnant pond. The West was energetic and active, driven by a cause, while