HISTORY OF WITHOUTS

the royal family, found an opportunity to train and educate the princes to play the desired political role in this Ideal State. He called them ‘philosopher kings’. But this supposed ideal state, conceived by Plato, could never come into existence. This was not because his pupil, Alexander the Great, did not follow him in the latter stage of his life, but was rather due to his ignorance of the creation plan in which God had not envisaged an ideal state. The plan, therefore, which Plato wanted to implement was impracticable. That was why he failed utterly and miserably. If he had fully understood God’s creation plan, and had tried to carry into effect some practicable plan, he would certainly have succeeded. Intellectual Activity without Deconditioning The Prophet of Islam once observed: ‘Every child is born in its real nature then his parents make him into a Jew or a Christian or a Zoroastrian.’ The above words of the Hadith are symbolic words for explaining that, each individual is a product of his own environment. This fact has now been proved by scientific research. It has been academically, established that the environment in which human beings find themselves, conditions their minds. No one is an exception to this principle. Unconscious of what is happening, people are involuntarily subjected to a process of incessant conditioning. This matter of conditioning came into prominence in the first quarter of the 20th century. The American psychologist, Prof. J.D. Watson, after in-depth research on this subject, published his widely acclaimed book, Behaviorism. His thesis was that everyone necessarily undergoes conditioning. No one can escape it. This theory of Watson became so popular that for a long period of time, this formed a part of the psychology syllabus in many universities. But, in Watson’s concept, there was a grave shortcoming. According to his theory, the formation of the human personality is not carved out by nature, but can be nurtured, and one who is conditioned in a particular way retains that personality permanently. He cannot revert to his original nature. Although the above theory was propounded only at the beginning of the 20th century, it has dominated the thoughts of people throughout Any concept developed without understanding the creation plan of the Creator will go awry and will not be in accordance with the actual state of affairs.