Principles of Dialogue in Islam

unconditionally met. In practical matters, Islam advocates flexibility to the ultimate possible extent. Islam not only lays down principles of dialogue but also gives practical demonstrations of it. For example, in the presence of the Prophet of Islam, tripartite talks were held between representatives of three religions—Islam, Judaism, and Christianity—in the Prophet’s Mosque in Madinah. (As-Sirah by Ibn Hisham, Vol. 2, p. 553-54; Dala’il al-Nubuwwah by Al-Bayhaqi, Vol. 5, p. 384) This historical event, which took place in a place of worship, shows the importance of peaceful dialogue in Islam. The above examples relate to the golden age of the Prophet and his Companions. That is why the practice of dialogue in terms of negotiations enjoys the position of an established principle in Islam. It becomes clear from the above discussion that the method of Islam is that of peaceful dialogue. The Quran says, “God guides to the ways of peace all who seek His good pleasure” (5:16). There is another Quranic verse from which we can gauge that negotiation and arbitration should be adopted in controversial matters. (4:35) There is a tradition attributed to the Prophet to this effect: “Do not desire or seek confrontation with the enemy, but rather ask for peace from God.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Hadith No. 7237) Islam aims to ush er in a transformation in human beings by introducing them to their Creator, making them understand the Creation Plan of God, and striving for a society in which spiritual, ethical, and human values are cherished. However, as this can only occur in an atmosphere of peace,