Prayer (Salat

The Four Pillars to Ethiopia. There, when they introduced Islam in the court of King Najashi, their leader, Jafer bin Abi Talib, laid emphasis on the payment of Zakat: “He (the Prophet) ordered us to worship God, establish Salat as a rite and pay Zakat.” Chapter 23 of the Quran, entitled ‘The Believers’ begins: “Blessed are the believers who give alms to the destitute,” while chapter 42 gives a warning to the unbelievers: “Woe to those who give no alms.” (41:7) In the beginning, it was a general commandment. Later, the frequency of payment, the amount and individual items of Zakat were fixed, so that alms had to be collected on behalf of the state like a tax. But since the payment of Zakat is not just tax-payment in the ordinary sense, but is also an act of worship, no upper limit has been set to it. It is, therefore, left to individual’s discretion to how much should be expended on Zakat in order to please God. According to Fatima bint Qays, the Prophet once answered a question about how much should be given as Zakat by saying, “Truly, God’s share in men’s possessions is more than Zakat.” (Tirmizi). The Quran enjoins man to spend whatever is left after providing for his own needs – ‘what you can spare.’ (2:219) There are two forms of Zakat, or spending for the sake of the Lord: (i) Charity and (ii) what is called the ‘goodly loan.’ Those that give alms, be they men or women, and those that give a generous loan to Allah, shall be repaid twofold. They shall receive a noble recompense. (57:18) Charity means feeding the hungry (Quran, 74:44) or, in a more general sense, providing for the needy. Giving a ‘goodly loan’ means spending for the cause of God as a measure of support to the faith. The spreading of faith is greatly desired by God. Dedicating one’s life and property to this end is considered to be deserving of great rewards. As this activity is not solely to provide for the material needs of the people, but is also for the sake of God, God has called it making a loan to Himself. The amount to be given in charity has been fixed in the form of